Green Maned Lion
Engineer
These are the same concepts anybody attempting to operate something with a modicum of cost efficiency uses.These are the same concepts that the airlines use. Standardized fleet and maximum revenue space.
The Ford Crown Victoria is an ancient design, its body dating to 1990 and its basic platform dating to 1979. It continues to make up the bulk of police car sales, and Ford has been considering extending its out-of-production date once again because towns have been offering signifigant premiums to continue its production. Why? Because they have a standardized fleet of Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptors which have not recieved even a slight mechanical revision since 2004. In fact, the only difference between a 2004 and a 2010 is the design of the electric window switches and the design of the fuel tank (and most 2004-2007 models have that fuel tank retrofitted).
Greyhound operates, more or less, a fleet of a few classes of identical busses. Taxi fleets usually compose of a fleet of the same brand of car- around here, most fleets are retired Crown Victoria Police Interceptors, a couple of companies use exclusively non-Interceptor Crown Vics and Grand Marquis, another pair use 1998-2003 Lincoln Town Cars, one uses a fleet of brand new Toyota Priuses, and one uses, bizarrely, a fleet of Nissan Quest/Mercury Villager minivans. Most of the big railroads have fleets of standardized diesels and standardized cars. The Commuter roads also have distinct fleets of standardized cars.
And Amtrak wants to standardize its fleet, probably using as many off-the-shelf components as possible. For example, do you think it is cheaper to acquire, say, car window frames if you have an odd dome car fleet of 20 cars using the design... or a fleet of 1800 railcars, all using the exact same window design? If the average rail car uses, say, 80 sheets of glass (20 windows, 4 panes per window), its an order of 1600 pieces of glass cut to specific size (medium batch order) and 400 frames (a small batch order) versus 144,000 sheets of custom glass (a large, mass producting order) and 36,000 window frames (probably also a large mass production order). The cost per unit goes WAY down.
In addition, by having as many components as possible be identical, Amtrak doesn't need to justify keeping a particular type of car on the road due to a repair. The Dome cars went off the road for several reasons. The main one was justifying to Congress the expense of repairing these luxury items of a time gone by.
Let me put it another way. As of now, the Viewliner shell is only being considered for an order of 125 cars with an option for an additional number (not large) of cars that I'd imagine the car builders don't expect Amtrak to take. Now, Amtrak has quoted the price per car as about 2.5 million a car. It doesn't cost 2.5 million a car to build, though. I'd say it costs more like 1.5 million. $125 million to set up the production for it, $187 million to build the cars. Ah, but lets say Amtrak decides to use the Viewliner shell to handle all single level conventional operations, ok?
Well, the short-distance modification will require adding production capability for second vestibule. And the additional car types of LD lounge, SD lounge, LD coach, and SD coach, and SD Cab-coach would cost some additional money, plus a small amount for an SD Business class car. So lets figure the total set up cost would be $200 million. (mostly for the second vestibule)
Well, reflecting a 10% increase in needed capacity, Amtrak needs about 400 short distance coaches, 100 SD business class cars, 110 SD food service cars, 50 SD cab-cars, 130 LD coaches, 30 LD food service cars, 30 diners, 70 baggage cars, 30 baggage dorms, and (considering by the time most of these are built, the Viewliner Is will be worn out) 80 sleepers. That works out to 1030 cars.
Just so we understand each other, after the Stimulus works out, Amtrak currently has 20 diners (19 H, 1 VL), 462 SD coaches (381 Am1, 81 Horizon), 18 cab-cars, 122 LD coaches, 100 SD food service (85 Am1, 15 Horizon), 25 LD food service, 50 sleepers, 65 baggage cars, and 17 "cabbage" cars assigned to non-Talgo trains, or a total of 877 cars. Keep in mind this would increase capacity a bit more than 10%, but we agree they are under capacity now, anyway.
So, with 1030 cars, it would work out to 1.75 billion, or $1.7 million a car. Whereas if we built, say, the additional order of 125+ options (total 150 cars), for $425 million, an order of SD coaches/food service/cab cars of a different design for 1.2 billion, a third order of 130 cars for LD coach for $395 million, 30 LD Dome/food service cars for (2 mil a piece) $260 million, and then replaced the 50 Viewliner Is some time later for $275 million, it would cost $2.56 billion, or $2.48 million a car.
For the same capacity. For the same basic services (all you gain is a cramped dome on top of the lounge). And with considerable more cost since they will vary more technically and thus cost more to maintain.
Plus, look at it from Congresses point of view, some of whom do not think Amtrak should offer sleeper and diner services. Do you think they are more likely to approve an order of 110 cars consisting of sleepers and diners if it costs $445 million or... $187 million?
Amtrak is held to profitability and politicability standards. They have come to accept that. I'd imagine they'd be irritated when a bunch of railfans completely ignored all standards of reason and asked for silliness like that. Its like a student council asking for free soda in the lunch room!